The theological articulation of original sin developed over centuries through the reflection of the Fathers, the decrees of ecumenical councils, and the pastoral life of the Church. The Church consistently teaches that this doctrine must be interpreted within the harmony of faith and reason, avoiding reductionism or distortion. Properly understood, it is ordered toward communion with the Most Holy Trinity and participation in the redemptive mission of Jesus Christ. It safeguards revealed truth while inviting deeper intellectual assent and personal conversion. In catechetical instruction, original sin serves not merely as an abstract principle but as a lived reality shaping sacramental life, moral formation, and prayer.
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